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| Veterinary Botanical
Medicine Association |
| Dedicated to Developing
Responsible Herbal Practice |
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Jasmine C. Lyon,
Executive Director |
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QUESTIONS?
email
office@vbma.org |
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| Established in 2002 by
Susan Wynn, DVM, RH(AHG) |
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VBMA Herbal Wiki |
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Common Name: Fennel
Latin Name:
Foeniculum vulgare Mill;
Common names: Fennel, Sweet
Fennel, fenkel, bitterfenchel, fenouil, finnochio, Xiao
Hui Xiang
Family:
Apiaceae
Part Used:
Fruits (which often called seeds); juice of fresh plant;
root and dried plant are used for food; Peter Holmes
uses the root for urinary issues
Active constituents:
Volatile oils, transanethole, fenchone,
estragole; phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, furanocoumarins,
fixed oils
Actions:
Aromatic, stomachic, antispasmodic, *carminative*,
galactoagogue, antimicrobial; expectorant, estrogenic;
anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic,
analgesic, choleretic,
hepatoprotective, diuretic
Chinese
Actions:
1. Tonify and regulate St/Sp Qi ;
2. Regulate intestinal qi;
3. Regulate uterus,
4. Disperses Cold, Warms the Liver and Kidney, relieves
pain
Indications:
Weak digestion, loss of appetite, belching, epigastric
distention; colic, IBD, flatulence; cramping from
purgatives; primary dysmenorrheal,
idiopathic hirsutism,
insufficient lactation, hernial pain; testicular pain
and swelling; low back pain; Upper respiratory catarrh,
wheeze, chronic
cough (gargle for
pharyngitis); benefit for obesity.; incontinence,
antidotes some poisonings, eye pain and
conjunctivitis(also prevention of floaters)
Cautions:
Theoretical-with use of diuretics, blood pressure
medication, and ciprofloxacin; caution if yin deficient
Contraindications:
Essential oil and concentrated extracts
use with caution in pregnant animal, infusions are safe.
Very, very high doses, avoid if current liver
disease.; known sensitivity
to Apiaceae species
Herb Drug
Interactions: None reported but some
suggestion absorption of ciprofloxacin may be affected
Dosage: (use
animal doses where available, otherwise human doses can
be included here but specify) *Small Animal*: Dried
herb: 25-300 mg/kg, divided daily (TID) if extract or
dried;; triple or quadruple if unprocessed;
infusion-5-30 g per cup of water-1/4-1/2 cup per 20 lbs.
divided TID; Tincture-1:2-1:3- 0.5-1.5 ml per
20 lbs. divided daily and
diluted *Farm Animal*: 30-60 ml for horses and cows;
8-12 ml for sheep and goats *Human*: dried herb-2-10 g
TID-to 6 times; 3-6 ml of 1:2 liquid extract per day
(20-40 ml per week)
Notes:
Do not confuse with Poison Hemlock!* Fennel likes
sandy and chalky soils.
Temperature:
slightly warm
Taste:
aromatic, slightly acrid
Organs:
St, Intestines, Uterus, (Lu, Kid-Bl, Liver-GB |
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| CULPEPER |
| *Culpeper-* considered it
warming and drying- consumes phlegmatic humour; people
that are too fat become more lean; shortness of breath
and wheezing from obstruction of the lungs; helps
hiccough, nausea, painful flatulence; for obstructions
of the spleen; obstructions of the liver and
gallbladder, yellow jaundice; assisting urination; ease
the pain of a stone and help to break it; assisting
menstruation; increasing mother’s milk and making it
more wholesome for the child; cleanes the eyes from
mists and films that hinder the sight.* Hildegard*: it
makes a person happy (will stop melancholy), diminishes
bad phlegm and decaying matter(take away bad mucus from
sick stomach), keeps bad breath in cheek and make one’s
eye see clearly; take swellings out of “virile parts”.
If a sheep is sick, feed fennel with a bit more of dill. |
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| WOOD |
| *Matt Wood-* treats atrophy and
constricted tissue states; diluted oil of Fennel can be
massaged over the abdomen for constipation. The eyewash
has to be made fresh, boiled and then cooled |
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| HOLMES |
| *Peter Holmes: *Fennel was
initially classified as a carminative digestive
stimulant to relieve flatus, abdominal distention and
pain-one of Galen’s four greater warming seeds,
transform damp in and dispel cold in the digestive
tract; but Galen also established Fennel root as one of
the four opening roots of obstructed urination, so also
classified as a demulcent urogenital restorative as well
as a urinary stimulant and resolvent when bladder qi
deficiency. |
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| PUBLISHED RESEARCH |
| Antispasmodic, activity-relax
smooth muscle, and decrease tone and amplitude of
peristalsis; induced estrus with growth of mammary
glands; increased bile flow, diuretic effect;
antitussive effect, anti-microbial. |
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